Varahamihira, an Indian astronomer, mathematician, and scientist, was the first to mention seismological zones and earthquake-prone areas in his renowned treatise Brihat-Samhita (c. 550 CE).

Identification of Earthquake-Prone Zones: He classified different regions based on their earthquake susceptibility, an early attempt at seismological zoning.

Causes of Earthquakes: He proposed that earthquakes could be linked to planetary movements, underground water activity, and atmospheric disturbances.

Precursors to Earthquakes: Observed that certain natural phenomena, such as strange animal behavior, underground rumblings, and atmospheric changes, could indicate an impending earthquake.

Relation to Hindu Cosmology: He associated seismic activity with the four elements—earth, water, fire, and air—aligning with early Indian scientific thought.

His theories laid an early foundation for earthquake prediction and seismology in India.

The concept of seismic zones was later validated through modern geological studies.

His work in astronomy, meteorology, and earth sciences made him one of India’s greatest ancient scientists.

Varahamihira’s insights into earthquake science were centuries ahead of their time, demonstrating the advanced scientific knowledge in ancient India.