The Manasara and Mayamata are two of the earliest and most comprehensive treatises on ancient Indian architecture, providing detailed guidelines on the construction and design of various structures, including temples, houses, and cities.
- Written around the 3rd century BCE, the Manasara is considered the earliest known comprehensive text on architecture and iconography.
- Measurement of Sacred Edifices and Statues: Precise dimensions and proportions for religious structures and idols.
- Site Selection: Criteria for choosing locations for temples and residential buildings, emphasizing the importance of geographical and environmental factors.
- Temple Orientation: Rules for aligning temples according to cardinal directions to harness auspicious energies.
- City Planning: Guidelines for the layout of streets, positioning of public buildings, and overall urban design to ensure harmony and functionality.
- The text reflects a deep understanding of geometry, symmetry, and aesthetics, essential for creating spiritually and functionally harmonious spaces.
- The Manasara is a foundational text in the Vastu Shastra tradition, influencing later architectural practices across India and Southeast Asia.
- It serves as a manual for architects (Sthapatis) and craftsmen, blending spiritual principles with practical guidelines.The Mayamata is attributed to Maya, the “divine” architect, who is often associated with celestial construction and legendary architectural feats.Maya is also linked to the construction of mythical cities and palaces in ancient Indian epics.
- The treatise provides practical instructions on various aspects of domestic architecture, from the construction of simple homes to more complex palatial structures.
- It emphasizes the importance of spatial harmony and environmental sustainability, ensuring that the living spaces are not only functional but also conducive to well-being.
- Both the Manasara and the Mayamata have significantly influenced traditional Indian architectural practices, contributing to the development of Vastu Shastra.
- These texts highlight the integration of spiritual principles with architectural design, aiming to create spaces that promote both physical comfort and spiritual growth.
- Their guidelines have shaped the construction of countless temples, houses, and cities in India and beyond, leaving a lasting legacy in the field of architecture.
These treatises underscore the advanced understanding of architecture, urban planning, and spirituality in ancient India, continuing to inspire modern architects and scholars.
